LONEITUTE THIAN
Loneitu Hriat Tur Puanchhuahna
Loneitu Hriat Tur Puanchhuahna
I. BUH TICHHETUTE
A. India ram pum huapa buh tichhetute (pests)
1. Buh tichhetu rannung
(1) Buh lairil khertu pangang (Yellow stem Borer- Scirpophaga insertulas)
(2) Buh tuihnang dawttu katnelh buang(Brown plant-hopper - Nilaparvata lugens)
(3) Buh zik tithang diklotu (Gall midge - Orseolio oryzae)
(4) Buh hnah tikhawrtu pangang( Leaf folder- Cnaphalocrosis medinalis)
(5) Buh tuihnang dawttu katnelh tial (White backed plant hopper Sogatella furcifera)
2. Buh natna
(1) A hnah a mit ang tak val (Pyricularia oryzae)
(2) A hnah kuang natna (Rhizoctonia solani)
(3) A hnah, a chanve eng a chanve hring, a hnah ro, thi (Xantomonas pv oryzae)
3. Hnim
Buh hmun azirin hnim chi hrang hrang a awm, hnah sin, thang leh di, phungladin, tuidawl, hnim purun, a zam chi leh hnahbial etc a awm.
4. Sazu
(1) Tampui (Smaller Boadicoot-Bandicota bengalensis)
(2) Zu chang (Soft furred field rat-Millardia meltada)
(3) Chaichim (Field rice- Mus spp)
B. Mizoram bika buh tichhetu dangte
(1) Buh hnah theia siamtu pangang (Case worm-Nymphula depunctalis)
(2) Thlangdar zen (Gundhi - Leptocorisa varnicornis)
(3) Buh hnah eirangtu keltelaimawm hling nei (Rice hispa-Dicladispa armigera)
(4) Buh hnah ei rangtu keltelaimawm dumpawl (Flea beetles)
(5) Buh tuihnang dawttu katnelh hring (Green leaf hopper- Nephotettix sp)
(6) Buh zung dawttu (Rice root aphids)
(7) Vual (White grubs-Consanguinea sp)
(8) Tlumpi (Termite-Odon/e tennes)
(9) Khuangbai (Field cricket)
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| Buh tuihnang dawttu Katnelh (Green leaf hopper and White backed plant hopper) | Buh vui tuihnang dawttu thlangdar zen (Rice gundhi bug) leh thlai eichhetu pangang thlahtu (Spodoptera litura) |
Buh natna
(1) A hnah de/tial vawmhangin a kap (Brown spot) (Helminthosporium oryzae)
(2) A vui si leh a tuamtu uk thut (Sheath rot-Sarocladium oxyzae)
(3) Buh rah (False smut-Ustilaginoidea virens)
1. Hnim
(1) Tui dawl-a lian chi leh a te chi.
(2) Purun hlo
(3) Hlo sakei
(4) Hlo sin
2. Sazu
(1) Bui
(2) Zu Chang/Zu pawl.
(3) Tampui
(4) Chaichim
(5) Zuhrei
3. Thlai rulhut
(1) Buh zung tisawrbawktu (Root knot-Meloidogyne gramminicola)
(2) Buh vui piangsual/hlawm (Ultfa-Ditylenchus angustus)
(3) Buh hnah hmawr var (White tip- Aphelenchoides besseyi)
Source
Ziaktu : C. Lalnithanga, APPO
Bu hming : Loneitu Thian (IPM)
Department of Agriculture (Crop Husbandry)
Page 15-32
II. BUH TICHHETU THLITHLAI
A. Agro Ecosystem Analysis(AESA)
AESA chu Agriculture Department-a thawk field staff leh loneituten an chhawr tangkai theih, buh hmuna kala eng ang rannung nge awm, eng ang natna nge a vei tih te, lei chu tuiin a chim nge, a hnawng nge a ro tih te, buh chu a hrisel nge tih te, sik leh sa leh khaw awm danin engtiang takin nge hrisel taka buh a than tir theih tih thlithlai hi a ni. Chutiang buh hmun ngei tlawha chik taka zir chu a tichhetu laka buh ven dan kawnga hmalak dan tur ruahman nan a tangkai hle a ni. AESA ken pui deuh deuh te chu heng te hi a ni.
(1) A tiak hlim atanga a seng dawn thlenga buh hrisel dan.
(2) Rannungin a eichhiat vang emaw natnain a tlakbuak vang emaw, buh a thatloh laia amah leh amah a insiamthat leh theih dan.
(3) Buh eichhetu rannung zat leh rannung tha leh maimawm awm zat.
(4) Lei awm dan, a ro nge a hnawng nge, tuiin a chim.
(5) Khaw awm dan- Sik leh sa, ruah sur dan.
(6) Tun hma atanga loneitu tawn hriatte.
B. Enfiah: A tum ber chu a tirtea buh eichhetu rannung an inthlahpun tam hmaa suat rem leh natna pawh a nasat hmaa tidam tura chung rannung leh natnate chu enfiaha thlithlai hi a ni. Chutichuan buh chi kui atangin enfiah tura vah kualna kawng bik chhinchhiah tur a ni, chutianga enfiah tura vahvelna atanga thil kan hmuh dan azirin Agriculture Department-a thawk field staff te chu thingtlang khua, leilet buh hmun awmna leh block (bial zau zawk) huapin loneitute nena tang tlangin buh tichhetu leh natna a awm leh awm loh thlithlai turin nasa takin tan a lak theih a ni. Loneitute pawh buh hmuna a eichhetu rannung leh natna te chik taka ena hrechiang tura hrilha chawhphur tur a ni. Thlai eichhetu rannung leh natna in a hlauhawm chhinchhiahna (ETL) a thlen chauhin a ven hna thawh tur a ni.
(1) Enfiah tura kal thuak thuak: Ni 7-10 dan zelah 10km a hla kal a, buh hmun chu thlithlai tur a ni. Nitin hmun 20 vel tal thlithlai tur a ni.
(2) A hmun a enfiah: Thlai eichhetu rannung leh rannungtha leh maimawm awm zat chu a hlauhawm chin (ETL) bithliah nan Agriculture Department-a thawkte leh loneituten ni 3-5 danah vawikhat tal an thlithlai tur a ni.
C. Pheromone thang leh Eng thang hmanga rannung man
A hnuaia tarlan ang hian thingtlang leilet buh hmunah eng ang rannung nge awm a lo inthlah punga buh eichhe tur tih hriat nan Agriculture Department-a thawkte chuan buh hmun/leiletah rannung man nan Pheromone thang emaw Eng thang emaw an hung/phun/kam thei a ni.
(1) Pheromone thang:- Buh lairil tingeta tithitu, (buh zik sehchhumtu) pangang thlahtu (moth) tam dan hriat nan hectare khatah pheromone thang 5 kam tur a ni. Phermone hi rannung nu(female) leh a pa(male) a koh nana boruaka rim a tihchhuah hi a ni a, a lem an siam a, chu chu a dahna tura Siam, laltin lu ang deuhah hian rubber, kutzungpui tiat vel, rim na tak an daha, a hnuaiah sarang ip, 4ft vela sei nen an thlun zawma, pheromone siam chawp rim an hriat chuan rannungin an rawn pan a, sarang ip-ah chuan an tla khawm thin a ni.
(2) Eng thang: - Zana eng lawm chi rannung hip nan Buh hmun/leiletah (laltin/petromax), electric bulb (200 watts) zanah khai tur a ni. A hnuaiah chawhtawlh hung la, a chhungah a khat lo deuhin tui dah ila, tuiah chuan sahbawn nuai phuan ila, khawnvartui tlem telh bawk tur a ni. Eng lawma rannung thlawk sup sup chu a rei vak lovah an chau a, a hnuaia chawhtawlh-a tuiah chuan an tla khawm ta thin a ni. Zingah chawhtawlh-ah chuan eng ang rannung nge tla tih enfiaha, thliar hrana tihhlum tur a ni.
(3) Len (net) vai leh thlenga tui dah: - Buh hmunah rannung manna len vaiin buh kung leh hnah chu hrut vak vak ila, a chhungah chuan eng ang rannung leh rannungtha nge tang tih enfiah tur a ni. Buh hmunah thleng tui keng ila, buh kung leh a hnah chu tui chungah kuaiin beng thak thak ila, pangang leh rannung dang a lo tla a, eng ang chi nge, rannungtha a tel em tih te enfiah tur a ni.
D. A HLAUHAWM CHIN HRIATNA ECONOMIC THRESHOLD LEVEL (ETL)
| Sl.No. | Buh len lam, a eichhetu rannung leh natna | A hlauhawm chin hriatna (ETL) |
|---|---|---|
| A. | A kui na ah/theh tiah ah | |
| 1 | A tuihnang dawttu katnelh hring(hoppers) | Hung khata katnelh 1-2 a awmin |
| 2 | A zik tipiangsualtu (gall midge) | Metre khat bial purunhnah anga buh zik pakhat a awmin |
| 3 | A lairil seh chhumtu/tithitu khertu pangang | Metre khat bial a a pui(month) emaw a tui hlawm khat a awmin |
| B. | Phunsawn hnu, a peng insiam hma | |
| 1 | A hnah khawrtu pangang | Hung khata a hnah pakhat khawr a awmin emaw buh hnah 10% a tih chhiatin |
| 2 | A kung khertu pangang | Metre khat biala a zik thi 5% a awmin emaw a tui hlawm khat emaw a pui (moth) pakhat a awmin emaw. |
| 3 | A zik tipiangsualtu | Metre khat biala a zik piangsual(purun hnah ang) 5% a awmin |
| 4 | A tuihnang dawttu katnelh buang | Hung khata 5-10 a awmin |
| 5 | A tuihnang dawttu katnelh hring | Hung khata 10-15 a awmin |
| 6 | A tuihnang dawttu katnelh hnung zang var | Hung khata 5-10 a awmin |
| 7 | Buhhnah ei rangtu keltelaimawm hling nei leh saril hrik | Hung khata 2 a awmin emaw a hnah 2 an ei chhiat in |
| C. | A peng insiam vang lai | |
| 1 | A hnah khawrtu pangang | Hung khatah a hnah 1-2 tihchhiat tharlam a awmin |
| 2 | A zik khertu pangang | Metre khat biala a zik thi 5% a tlinin emaw a tui hlawm pakhat emaw a pui(adult) pakhat a awmin emaw |
| 3 | A zik tipiangsualtu(Gall midge) | A zik piangsual(purunhnah ang tak) 5% a tlin in |
| 4 | A tuihnang dawttu katnelh buang | Hung khata 5-10 a awmin |
| 5 | A tuihnang dawttu katnelh hring | Hung khata 10-20 a awmin |
| 6 | A hnah eirangtu keltelaimawm hling nei leh sairil hrik | Hung khata a hnah 1-2 an eichhiatin emaw keltelaimawm pakhat a awmin emaw an eichhiat kha 10% a tlinin emaw |
| 7 | A hnah a mit ang tak val natna(blast) | Natna nasat lam 5-10% a tlinin |
| 8 | A hnah a eng leh a hring intial natna(BLB) | Natna nasat lam 2-5% a tlinin |
| 9 | A hnah kuang natna(Sheath blight) | A peng 5% emaw a aia tam natnain a tlakbuakin |
| D. | A tulzum atanga a kuhmum thleng | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | A zik khertu pangang | A zik thi 5% a tlinin emaw metre khat biala a tui hlawm khat emaw a pui(adult) pakhat a awmin emaw |
| 2 | A hnah khawrtu pangang | A hnah a eichhiat 10% a tlinin emaw, hung khata a hnah a tihchhiat thar 1-2 a awmin emaw |
| 3 | A tuihnang dawttu katnelh hring | Hung khata 20 a awmin |
| 4 | A tuihnang dawttu katnelh buang | Hung khata 5-10 a awmin |
| 5 | A tuihnang dawttu katnelh hnungzang var | Hung khata 5-10 a awmin |
| 6 | Mit ang val natna(blast) | A hnahah val awmna kha 2-5% a tlinin |
| 7 | A hnah, a hring leh eng intial natna(BLB) | A nasat lam 2-5% a tlinin |
| 8 | A hnah kuang natna(sheath blight) | A peng 5% a tam natnain a tihchhiatin |
| E. | A par hun lai leh a hnuah | |
| 1 | A tuihnang dawttu katnelh buang | Hung khata 5-10 a awmin |
| 2 | Pangang, a vui sehchhumtu | Metre khat biala pangang 4-5 a awmin |
| 3 | Thlangdar zen | Hung khata 1-2 a awmin |
| 4 | Mit ang val natna(blast) | A vui tliak 2% a awmin emaw a hnah a valin a khuh kha 5% a tlinin emaw |
| 5 | A hnah kuang ro natna | A peng 2-5% a ro in |
| 6 | A hnah kuang natna(sheath blight) | A peng 5% in natna an veiin |
III. IPM KALPUI DAN TURTE
A. Thlai eichhetu rannung, natna leh hnim laka buh ven dan.
1. Loneitu thiamsa
(1) Natna do thei/haw lo, buh chi tha thlan tur.
(2) Natna kailo leh rannung laka fihlim buh chi tuh tur.
(3) Natna laka ven nan buh chi chu damdawi nena nuaipawlh tur.
(4) A hun takah buh kui a, phunsawn bawk tur.
(5) Buh phunsawn hmain lei lehphuta, daikawia, hrut rual vek hnuah leiletah tui tlintir tur a ni, hei hian hnim to tur a dal.
(6) A kuinaah pawh buh tiak chu a hrisel tur a ni.
(7) Phunsawn dawna buh tiak ruala hnim tiak, pawh tel loh nan buh kuina chu a fai tha tur a ni.
(8) Chlorpyriphos leh tui chawhpawlhah buh tiak phunsawn tur, a zung silfai tawh chu darkar chanve an chiah a, hei hian pangang leh a zik tipiangsualtu lakah a veng a ni.
(9) Buh kuihnaa a tiak pawh bang, Phun sen loh chu tihchhiat vek tur a ni a, hlo thlawh a, bial ko sam fai tur.
(10) A hung leh a hung inhlat lam hi 10cm a nih chuan, metre khat bialah hung 33 a awm thei a ni, hei hian hnim to tur a dal thei a ni.
(11) Thlai tuihnang dawttu katnelh (plant hopper) tam naah chuan buh tona 3 metre dan zelah kalna khawp hmun awl, (buh Phun lohna) 30 cm (1 ft) a zau (alley) zuah tur a ni. Hei hian katnelh tam tur a veng.
(12) Urea, DAP/SSP, MOP te chu a inbuk tawk chauh hman tur a ni. A bik takin Nitrogen awmna leitha (Urea) pek tam lutuk chuan rannung an nghal bika, buhin natna pawh an vei awlsam bik a ni.
(13) Rannung leh natna a tam loh nan a changin tui sah kang zauh zauh tur a ni. Hnim a to loh nan tui tam vak lo tlin tir reng tur a ni. (Hei hian SRI a huam lo)
(14) Buh seng hunah a bul retah ahchhum tur a ni a, hei hian rannung tam tak a tihlum a, buh seng zawh hnua rannung la awm chu sava ten an chuk/vai theih phah bawk a ni.
(15) Tlang leh thingin a hliah theih laiah chuan buh hmun leilet siam loh tur, a hlim laiah hian natna leh rannung a inthlah pung chak bik a ni.
2. Hmanraw dang hman
(1) Rannung tui, pangang, leh rannung (adult) man khawma, tihhluma, rahsawm vek tur. A tul a nih chuan rannungtha khawi lai tan an chaw atan mau theiah a dahkhawm theih a, an mamawh ang tawka rannungtha chu pek ni se.
(2) Rannungin a sehchhiat lai leh natnain a tlakbuak lai, thlai zik, a par, a rah, a hnah, a kau leh a kung sah chhuma a, paih daih tur a ni.
(3) Rannung leh a tui hlawm, buh tiaka awm chu paih theih nan bilh phunsawn dawnin buh tiak hnah hmawr chu thuai chhuma, paih tur a ni.
(4) Buh phunsawn hnuah kar 3-4 chhung chu kuta hlo thlawh tur (a pawh a pawh tur), a hnuah a tul dan azirin kar 4-6 chhung hlo thlawh leh tur a ni.
(5) Buh kunga pangang awm sawi thlak nan hruizen lian vak lo (fei tak) chu hlam 4-5 vela sei thluna buh kung chu pawh chet dul dul tur a ni.
(6) Lei a dur that vanga buh chu a lo san viau leh a hnah a buk lutuk chuan a tluk loh nan leh rannung tui paih bo pah nan a zik chu thuai chhum tur a ni.
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| Buh eichhetu Kaltelaimawm leh Sazu |
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| Fu eichhetu Bui (Canomys badius) leh buh eichhetu Zuchang (Rattus rattus) |
III. IPM KALPUI DAN TURTE
3. Rannungtha hman tangkai.
A. Humhalh
(1) Heng rannung tha- maimawm, Drynids, darkawlchhunchhek, thlangdar tha, daidep ria, daidep, khauchher, sephung tha, Carabid sephung, khuavanglamdar, Apanteles, Tetrastichus, Telenomus, Trichogramma, Bracon, Platygaster te hi an rem mai loh nan humhalh tur a ni a, rannung thahna hlo pawng kah mai mai loh tur a ni. (a loh theih loh hunah chauh kah tur)
(2) Buh tiak chu phunsawn dawn niin a zung silfai hnuah rannung thahna hlo tui-ah hetiang hian chiah tur a ni. Leilet bial sir remchang laiah 3ft a zau, 10ft-a sei tui kuang siam tur a ni. Tah chuan tui tlin theih nan thelret puan/silpouline phah tur a ni. Tui kuangah chuan tui thianghlim 500 litres (tel tin vawi 34 bun tur a ni), tah chuan Chlorpyriphos (Dursban/Tricel) 500ml bun leh tur a ni a, Urea 5 kg thlak a, tuiah chuan chawh ral vek tur a ni. Tichuan chu tui-ah chuan buh tiak zung chu phunsawn hma lawk-in darkar 3 chhung chiah tur a ni a, a hnuah phunsawn nghal zel tur a ni. A tui ngai chu a kang hma chu buh tiak dang chiah nan hman nawn zel tawh tur a ni. Hetianga buh tiak zung rannung thahna hlo tuia chiah hian phunsawn hnuah rannung lakah a him bik a ni. Hetiang hian rannungtha leh maimawm tihlum loin rannung thahna hlo a hman theih a ni.
Hetianga tih hi a harsa a nih chuan a aia awlsam a awm a, hetiang hian tih tur a ni. Buh phunsawn dawn, ni 5 chhung ngeiin, buh tiak pawh hmain a kuina hmun (nursery) ah Carbofuran 3G emaw Phorate 10G emaw vawm darh tur a ni. Tichuan rannung thahna hlo chu buh tiak zungin alo hip dawn a ni. Tichuan phunsawn hnuah buh chu rannung lakah a him bik a ni. Hetianga tih hian buh hmuna awm rannungtha leh maimawm te kha an thi ve lo a ni.
(3) Lungphur thlahtu(moth) tui vai khawm la, mau thei chhungah dah la, leilet buh hmunah buh aia sang ban phun la, sava fukna tur siam la, tah chuan rannung tui hlawm pawh dah la, rannung tui, inthlahpun nana hmang ho (egg parasitodis) ten inthlahpun nan an lo hmang dawn a ni. Sava pawh a fukna i siamah chuan anlo fu anga, buh hmuna pangang awm an lo chuk ve dawn a ni. (Buh vuih dawnah/a par hunah sava fukna hi senghawi tur a ni).
(4) Rannungtha chettlatna hmun zuah sak:- Leilet sir, a hual vel remchang laiah rannungtha, sava tangkai leh maimawm inthlahpunna tur hmun zuah sak tur a ni a, tahchuan thing phun a, a hnuai pawh samfai loh tur a ni. A theih chuan sazu man turin leilet thlamah zawhte vulh tur a ni. Bial kotlangah hian maimawm tam tak an cheng thin, dimdawi chungin bialko samfai tur a ni.
B. Inthlahpun tir:- Rannung, a bikin lungphur thlahtu(moth) tui tichhe chiho (egg parasitoids), Trichogamma japonicum leh T.chilonis te hi tum 4-5 buh hmunah chhuah tur a ni a, hectare khatah ni 10 danah chhuah a tawk a ni. Hemi atan hian Trichocard 3-5 chu hectare khat atan a tawk a ni. Heng Biopesticides hi State Biological Control Laboratory, Thingdawl-ah lam tur a awm a ni. Heng hian buh hnahkhawr pangang, a lairil sehchhumtu pangang, leh thei siama buh hnah eitu pangang te an inthlahpun loh nan an tui a tihchhiatsak dawn a ni.
C. Thlai eichhetu rannung leh rannung tha inbuk tawk dan (Pests Defender ratio=2:1):- Thlai eichhetu rannung pahnih zelah rannungtha leh maimawm pakhat zel awm anga an intam hleih dan/inbuk tawk dan a nih chuan rannung thahna hlo kah a ngai lo tihna a ni.
4. Rannung (thlawk thei lo) man: - Leiletah rannung manna Pheromone Trap khai tur a ni. Hectare khatah Trap 20, phunsawn atanga ni 20 hnuah khaia, a chhunga rannung hiptu thil rimpui pechhuak thei "Lure", 5 mg kha tum 3, ni 20-25 dan zelah thlak tur a ni. He Pheromone Trap chhungah hian buh nget pangang thlahtu (moth) anlo tla khawm teuh anga, a tam hunah tihhlum tur a ni.
5. Rannung thahnahlo/damdawi kah: - Thlai chuan a hlauhawm chin ETL a thlen dawn chauhin fimkhur takin rannung thahna hlo leh natna damdawi Chu kah tur a ni. Rannung thahna hlo hi rannung tha ho in an huat ve tho avangin a pawng ataka kah mai mai loh tur a ni. A tul tawpkhawkah chauh kah tur a ni.
6. Hnim tur hman: - Leilet buh hmunah chuan buh phunsawn atanga ni 2-5 chhungin Butachlor 1.2 litres leh leiro dip 60kg Chu tinkhat hmun (acre khat) ah vawmdarh tur a ni. vawm darh lai hian leiletah tui tlem tal a tling tur a ni. Hemi atan hian thal laiin vaivut ro thlamah dah that tur a ni.
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| Thlai natna damdawi (Fungicides): Mancozeb, Carbendazim, Sulphur, Metalaxyl | Sprayer : Lever Operated Knapsack Sprayers |
B. Thlai rulhut suat rem:- Buh hmuna thlai rulhut suat rem dan chu hetiang hi ani:
(1) Buh hnah hmawr tivartu (White tip nematode, Aphelenchoides besseyi)
(a) Buh chi chu tuivawtah darkar 6 chhung chiah puam phawt tur a ni a, a hnuah tuisa 52°C-ah minute 10 chhung chiah tur a ni.
(b) Nisaah buhchi chu kui hmain nitin darkar 6 pho a, ni 4 chhung pho tur a ni.
(c) Buh seng zawhah buh bul (stublbes) chu hal tur a ni.
(d) Thlai rulhut tam na leilet-ah chuan buh kui dawn in lei lehphut vek tawh hnuah Carbofuran 3G @ 33kg/ha theh tur a ni. (Buh kuina tur zau zawng azirin hectare khata mamawh zat atang hian hmun zim zawka Carbofuran 3G hman zat tur chu chawh chhuah leh mai tur a ni.)
(2) Buh zung tivartu (Rice root nematode, Hirschmanniella oryzae):
(a) Lei lehphutah neem cake @ 100-120 kg/ha thehdarh tur a ni.
(b) Thlai rulhut do thei buh chi tha te chu-TMK 9, Annapurna chin ni se.
(c) Buh kuina tur lei lehphut saah Carbofuran 3G @ 33kg/ha theh tur a ni.
(d) Monocrotophos 1m leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh ah buh chi chu darkar 5 chiah tur a ni.
(e) Lei lehphut vek tawh, Phun dawna daikawi hnuah Carbofuran 3G @ 33kg/ha theh darh tur a ni.
(f) Buh seng hnuah Sunhemp (Sesbania rostrata) china, a par dawnah sam tluk a, lei nen leh hnah tur a ni.
(g) Thlasik laiin leiletah alu emaw badam emaw chin tur a ni.
(3) Buhzik tihlawm tu: (Ufra, Ditylenchus angustus) He thlai rulhut hi Assam leh W. Bengal state ah a tam a, Assam kan hnaih avangin Mizoramah pawh darh thei tho a ni.
(a) Buh seng tawhna hnu a buhpawl leh a bul leh hnim hal fai tur.
(b) Thal laiin lei lehphut tur.
(c) Hetiang thlai rulhut tamnaah chuan buh Phun tlai tur a ni.
(d) Thlai rulhut in a ngeihloh thlai-chhawhchhi leh buh chin chhawk tur a ni.
(e) Buh kuinaah a hma lama kan tarlan tawh angin Carbofuran 3G theh tur a ni.
(f) Leilet daikawia, hrut rual hnuah buh Phun dawnin Carbofuran3G @ 33 kg/ha vawm darh tur a ni.
(g) Hetiang thlai rulhut do thei buh chi tha chu Rayda 16-06 hi a ni.
(4) Buhzun tichhetu/tisawmbawktu Root knot nematode-Meloidogyne graminicola):
(a) Buh chin zawhah heng thlai zinga a remchang ber hi chin ni se- Kawlbahra, Alu, Nihawi, Behlawi, Chhawhchhi, Purunsen.
(b) Thlai rulhut do thei buh chi tha chu - TKM 6, Hamsa, IR 64, Ramkrishna.
(c) Buh Phun dawnah, lei daikawia hrut rual vek hnuah Carbofuran 3G @ 33kg kha vawm darh tur a ni.
C. Sazu suat dan
(A hlauhawm tur chin thleng tur (working Index ETL) chu sazu in a luahlai ngei a kua hectare khatah 15 a awmin, ETL chu sazuin a luahlai ngei sazu kua chu hectare khata 25 a awmin)
(a) Bial ko sam fai tur.
(b) Uluk taka hnim/hlo thlawh fai tur.
(c) Sazu thang chi hrang hrang, a theih anga tam kam tur a ni a, a bikin buh phunsawn hnu atangin thang kam uar tur a ni.
(d) Sazu kuaah Bromadiolone cake (0.005%) phel tet hnuah sazu kua pakhat zel ah a tlang te pakhat vawm luh/hnawh luh tur a ni.
(e) A thi bang a awm pawhin Bromadiolone cake (0.005%) bawk sazu kuaah thlak/hnawh leh tur a ni. Hectare khata sazu kua, a luahlai ngei 15 aia tam a awm chuan Bromadialone cake hnawh belh zel tur a ni.
Hriattur pawimawh
(a) Sazu hrai tan hun tha chu buh phunsawn atanga chawlhkar 6 na hi a ni.
(b) Sazu a tam hle chuan (ETL—25 aia tam sazu kua, a luahlai ngei a awm chuan) tur dum Zinc Phosphide pawh hman tel tur a ni. Zinc Phosphide 10gm leh buhfai, tela nuai mawm 500g chawhpawlh tur a ni a, antui hawp fian khat hi lehkha in emaw sarangin emaw fun ila, a sazu kuaah fun khat zel thlak tur a ni.
(c) Tur dum Zinc phosphide hman dawn chuan a packet te ber 10gm, ISI chuang ngei, a la thi lo ngei hman tur a ni.
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| Buh eichhetu Zu pawl (Leopodalmys sp) leh Chaichim (Mus sp) | Sazu tur chah tur siam lai |
D. BUH CHI THA CHI HRANG HRANGTE
BUH EICHHETU RANNUNG LEH NATNA DO THEI LEH HAW NEP CHI THATE
(i) Rannung do thei leh haw nep chi buh chi thate.
(a) Buh zik khertu pangang (stem borer) do thei Ratna, Vikas, HKR 46, Pantdhan 6, VLK 39, Radha, Sudha, Amulya etc.
(b) Buh zik ti piangsualtu (Gall midge) do thei IR 36, Ratnagiri 3, Panchami, Shiva, Bhuban, Shaktiman, Mahavir, Pratap, Rajendradhan 202 etc.
(c) Buh tuihnang dawttu katnelh buang (Brown Plant hopper) do thei: Pant dhan - 11, Vijetha, Chandana, Nagarjuna, Sonasali, Renjdra mashuri-1 etc.
(d) Buh tuihnang dawttu katnelh hnungzang var (white-backed plant hopper) do thei. Plant dhan 11, HKR 120, HKR 126, HKR 228, PR 108. etc.
(e) Buh tuihnang dawttu katnelh hring (Green leaf hopper) do thei:
Vikramarya, Nidhi, IR 24, Radha, Kunti etc.
(ii) Natna haw lo leh do theite
(a) A hnah a mit ang val awm (Blast) natna haw lo:
IR 64, Plant dhan 10, HKR 228, PNR519, Krishna Hamsa, Rasi, Vikas etc.
(b) A hnah eng leh hring inpawlh (BLB) natna haw lo IR 36, IR 64, Pant dhan 11, PR 111, PR 113, PR 114, PR 115 etc.
(c) A hnah kuang ( sheath blight) natna haw lo PR 108, Mandira, Nalini, Neeraj, Sabita.
E. RANNUNG THAHNA HLO LEH NATNA DAMDAWI BUH HMUNA HMAN TURTE
A. Rannung thahna hlo hman turte
Buh kuina hmunah: A zik tipiangsualtu (Gall midge), A zik khertu pangang (stem borer) leh a hnah tivialtu (thrips) laka buh tiak ven nan heng te hi hman tur a ni: -
Carbofuran 3G@ 33kg/ha or 13kg/acre.
Monotrotophos @ 3ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh
Carbaryl @ 2 gm leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh
Rannung thahna hlo tuia buh tiak phunsawn tur zung chiah dan Chu a hma lamah tarlan tawh a ni a, hei hi buh zik tipiangsualtu (Gall midue) leh pangang ven nan a tha hle a ni.
Buh phunsawn atanga a peng insiam dawn thlenga rannung thahna hlo hman turte
(a) Buh hnah khawrtu pangang suat nan heng te hi a engemaw ber kap la. Monocrotophos @ 3ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh Chlorpyriphos @ 5ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh Quinalphos @ 3ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh Fenthion @ 3ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh Phosphamidon @ 2ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh
(b) Buh zik khertu pangang (stem borer) suat nan Carbofuran 3G @ 33 kg kha vawm darh tur.
(c) Buh tuihnang dawttu katnelh hring (Green leaf hopper) suat nan heng zinga i duh ber hi kap la.
Monocrotophos @ 3ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh
Phosphamidon @ 2ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh
Carbaryl @ 2gm leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh
(d) Buh tuihnang dawttu katnelh hnungzang var leh a buang suat nan heng zinga i duh ber hi kap la. Quinalphos @ 3ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh Fenthion @ 3ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh Chlorpyryphos @ 4ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh Monocrotophos @ 3ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh Carbaryl @ 2gm leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh
(e) Buh zik tipiangsualtu (Gall midge) suat nana hman tur chu carbofuran 3G @ 33kg/ha.
(f) Buh hnah eirangtu keltelaimawm hling nei (hispa) leh sairil hrik (Flea beetles) suat nan heng zinga i duh ber hi kap la
Chlorpyriphos @ 5ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh. Quinalpos @ 4ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh
Monocrotophos @ 3ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh Fenthon @ 3ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh
Buh a peng insiam vanglai
(a) Buh zik khertu pangang-a hmaa tarlan tawh ang khan kah tur.
(b) Buh zik tipiangsualtu (Gall midge-Carbofuran 3G @ 33kg/ha theh/vawm darh tur.
(c) Buh hnah eirangtu keltelaimawm hling nei (Hispa) leh saril hrik laka ven nan a hmaa tarlan tawh ang khan kah tur a ni.
(d) Buh tuihnang dawttu katnelh buang, hring leh a hnungzang var ho pawh a hmaa tarlan tawh angin kah tur a ni.
(e) Buh hnah khawr pangang-a hmaa tarlan tawh angin kah tur a ni.
(f) Buh hnah a thei siama buh hnah eitu pangang (caseworm) suat nan Monocrotophos @ 3 ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh kah tur.
Buh a tulzum
(a) Buh zik khertu pangang-suat nan heng zinga i duh ber hi kap rawh: Quinalphos @ 4ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh Monocrotophos @ 3ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh Chlorpyriphos @ 4ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh, Rannungthahnahlo i kah atanga chhiara ni 10 hnuah a tul dan azirin Carbofuran 3G @ 33kg/ha vawm darh tur a ni.
(b) Buh hnah khawrtu pangang- a hmaa tarlan tawh ang khan kah tur.
(c) Buh tuihnang dawttu katnelh buang, hring leh a hnungzang var-a hmaa tarlan tawh angin kah tur a ni.
(d) Maimawm te (mites) - suat nan Dicofol (Kelthane) @ 3ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh kah tur a ni, a awm loh chuan Monocrotophos 36WSC @ 3ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh
Buh par hun leh a hnu lam
(a) Buh zik khertu pangang - a hmaa tarlan tawh angin kah tur, chawhnu her, ni nem huna kah a tha
(b) Buh vui sehchhumtu pangang (-suat nan heng zinga i duh ber hi kap la. Chlorpyriphos @ 5ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh Dichlorvos @ 2ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh Monocrotophos @ 3ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh emaw marathion @ 4ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh
B. Buh natna enkawlna
(a) Buh hnaha mit ang tak val awm, a vui tliak natna (Blast): - enkawl nan Cabendazim @ 2gm leh tui litre khat chawhpawlh hisapa kah tur a ni.
(b) Buh zung tawih (Foot rot)-enkawl nan Mancozeb 75 WP @ leh buh chi kg khat, kui hmain nuai pawlh tur a ni. Buh kuina/ thehtiah-ah he natna hi a awm chuan Carbendazim @ 2gm leh tui litre khat chawhpawlh hisapin kah tur a ni.
Buh peng insiam lai: -
(a) Buh hnaha mit ang tak val awm (Blast) natna-enkawl nan heng damdawi zinga i duh ber hi kap la. Isoprothiolane @ 1 ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh Isobenphos @ 2ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh Tricyclozole @ 2ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh Kasugamycin @ 1 ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh
(b) Buh hnah, a hring leh a eng inpawlh, a hmuih ral: (BLB) natna a nep theih nan Urea hman tlem deuh tur a ni. Buh Phun laia Urea leh DAP pek bak chu a hnuah Urea chu tlem te te chauha pek tawh tur a ni.
(c) Buh hnah kuang natna (sheath blight) enkawl nan heng dawmdawi zinga i duh ber hi kap la. Validamycin 3L@ 2ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh hisap in Iprobenphos @ 2ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh Propiconazole @ 1 ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh Urea hi acre/hectare khat atana hman tur tawk chu hmun 3 ah then a, tum thum theh darh tur a ni.
Buh a tulzum hun
(a) Buh hnaha mit ang tak val awm leh a vui/par tliak natna (Blast)- enkawl nan heng damdawi zinga i duh ber hi kap la. Isobenphos @ 2ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh. Kasugamycin 48EC @ 1 mg leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh Urea pek tam loh tur a ni.
(b) Buh hnah, a hring leh eng inpawlh, a hmuih ral (BLB) Natna a nasat loh nan buh a tulzum hnu chuan Urea pek loh tur a ni.
(c) Buh hnah kuang natna (Sheath blight) enkawl nan heng zinga i duh ber damdawi hi kap ang che.
Validamycin 3L @ 2ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh hisap Hexaconazole 5EC @ 2ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh Iprobenphos @ 2ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh Propiconazole 25EC @ 1 ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh.
(d) Buh kung tawih (Stem rot) natna enkawl nan a chang changin leilet a tui sah kang tur a ni. Tui sahkang lai hian Iprobenphos 48EC @ 2 ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh emaw Carbendazim @ 2ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh hisapa kah tur a ni. A theih chuan lei lehphut tawh hnuah ran ek te, changpat leitha leh hnim up tawih te leilet ah thehdarh tur a ni. Hei hian natna a ti tlem thei a ni.
Buh par lai leh a hnulam
(a) Buh hnaha mit ang tak val awm leh a vuitliak (Blast) natna - a hmaa tarlan tawh angin kah tur a ni.
(b) Buh hnah kuang natna (Sheath blight)- natna a hmaa tarlan tawh angin kahtur.
(c) Buh rah (False smut) natnd enkawl nan Chlorothalonil @ 2ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh emaw Propiconazole @ 2ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh emaw kap ang che.
(d) Buh vui uk/dum/hang (Glume discolouration) enkawl nan heng damdawi zinga i duh ber hi kap rawh. Propiconazole 25EC@ Iml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh Carbendazim 50 WP @ lgm leh tui 1 lire chawhpawlh Hexaconazole 5EC@ 2ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh Carbendazim & Mancozeb 75 WP ( Ridomil MZ) @ 2gm leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh
C. Hlo/hnim thlawh/suat
(a) A hma lamah Butachlor leh vaivut chawhpawlh, buh phunsawn atanga ni 2-5 chhunga hman tur tarlan tawh a ni.
(b) Tui dawl, leh hnahbial dang suat nan buh phunsawn hnuah 2, 4D @ 3gm leh tui 1litre chawhpawlh hisapa kah tur a ni.
(c) Buh phunsawn atanga ni 4-6 chhungin heng hnim tur zinga engemaw ber hi kah tur a ni. Butachlor, Thiobencarb, Pretilachlor, Anilophos